Kenapa lelaki hanya boleh berkahwin maksimum empat isteri?

Had empat isteri ditetapkan oleh Surah an-Nisa' ayat 3 dan diperjelaskan oleh Sunnah; ia dipegang oleh keempat-empat mazhab. Ayat tersebut menyebut "dua, tiga atau empat". Sunnah memperincikannya: apabila Ghailan ath-Thaqafi memeluk Islam dengan sepuluh orang isteri, Nabi ﷺ menyuruhnya memilih empat dan berpisah dengan selebihnya (riwayat at-Tirmidhi dan Ibn Majah, dinilai sahih). Hikmahnya, had ini membataskan keizinan itu kepada keupayaan sebenar untuk berlaku adil dan menanggung nafkah, sambil melindungi hak wanita daripada pengabaian; ia had maksimum, bukan sasaran. Tambahan lebih daripada empat yang berlaku pada Nabi ﷺ adalah kekhususan baginda dan tidak boleh diikuti umatnya. Lihat Hukum poligami .

Soal Jawab › Poligami: hukum & keadilan

⚖️ Poligami: hukum & keadilan · #3

Why may a man marry a maximum of four wives?

The limit of four wives is set by Surah an-Nisa' verse 3 and clarified by the Sunnah; it is held by all four schools.
The verse says "two, three or four". The Sunnah details it: when Ghailan ath-Thaqafi embraced Islam with ten wives, the Prophet ﷺ told him to choose four and separate from the rest (narrated by at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah, graded sahih). The wisdom is that this limit restricts the permission to a real ability to be just and provide maintenance, while protecting women's rights from neglect; it is a maximum, not a target. The more-than-four that applied to the Prophet ﷺ was a special exemption for him and may not be followed by his community. See Ruling on polygyny.

Sumber

Surah an-Nisa' 4:3Narrated by at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah (sahih) — the story of Ghailan ath-Thaqafi

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Soalan berkaitan

Why may a man have four wives but a woman may not have more than one husband?Polyandry (a woman having more than one husband) is forbidden in Islam; a woman who still has a husband is among…Why could the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ marry more than four wives?It is a special exemption (khususiyyah) that Allah gave to the Prophet ﷺ alone, and it does not apply to his community. Allah SWT…What is the ruling on a man who marries a fifth wife?A marriage contract with a fifth wife while still having four wives is void and invalid, and the relationship is forbidden. …A non-Muslim man with more than four wives embraces Islam — what must be done?He must choose only four wives (if they are also marriageable under Islam) and separate from the rest…How should a husband divide the nights between his wives?The husband must divide the nights equally, for example one night for each wife in turn. In the Shafi'i school,…Can a man be married to two sisters at the same time?It is forbidden to be married to two sisters at the same time, whether full sisters, paternal half-sisters, maternal half-sisters or s…

Jawapan ini rujukan umum, bukan fatwa. Untuk keadaan anda, rujuk pejabat agama, peguam syarie atau Mahkamah Syariah negeri.

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